Diseases Antibiotic: a group of medicines used to kill or slow the growth of bacteria that cause disease. Antibody: a chemical substance made by the body to help destroy an invading pathogen. Antimicrobial: a substance that is designed to kill microbes before they enter the body. Bacteria: microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that can be dangerous (cause infection) or beneficial (such as in fermentation and in decomposition). Carrier: a person with a disease that they can pass on to other organisms. Disease: any change that disrupts the normal function of one or more body systems. Epidemic: a disease that spreads across a large population of people, normally in a regional area. Eukaryotic: an organism whose cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a membrane Fungi: any member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. Infectious disease: any disease that is caused by a pathogen. Microbe: any organism or near life form that cannot be seen with the naked eye. Noninfectious disease: a disease that cannot be spread from one organism to another. Pandemic: an epidemic that spreads more globally affecting a large geographical area. Parasite: an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense. Pathogen: a microbe that causes disease in an organism. Prokaryotic: a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles Prevention: the action of stopping something from happening or arising Treatment: medical care given to a patient for an illness or injury Unicellular: consisting of a single cell Vaccine: a preventive shot to yield immunity against a specific disease, usually employing a form of the disease agent in a weakened bacteria or viruses, to stimulate antibody production. Vector: an animal that carries and transmits a disease. Virus: a particle consisting of DNA encased in a protein coat that must inject its DNA into a living cell in order to reproduce. A microbe that consists of nucleic acid enclosed within a protein shell that requires a living cell in order to reproduce. Scientists consider the virus to be not alive.
Biotechology Biofuels: A type of energy derived from renewable plant and animal materials or organic matter. Bioremediation: introduced microorganisms that break down environmental pollutants, in order to clean up a polluted site Biotechnology: the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the genetic manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics, hormones, etc. Cloning: propagate (an organism or cell) to make an identical copy of Genetic Engineering: DNA manipulation of cells or organisms- Genes are added, deleted or changed. Genetic Modification: allows selected individual genes to be transferred from one organism into another and also between non-related species. (GMO) Mutagen: a toxic chemical that causes damage to an organism’s DNA. Mutation: a random change to a gene that results in a new trait. Regeneration: the action or process of regrowth; in particular the formation of new animal or plant tissue. Stem Cells: a simple cell in the body that is able to develop into any one of various kinds of cells(such as blood cells, skin cells, etc.)